Definition of Information Technology :
“IT (Information Technology) encompasses all of the technologies that we use in order to create, collect, process, protect and store information. It refers to hardware, software (computer programs), and computer networks”.
ICT (Information and Communication Technology) concept involves transfer and use of all kinds of information. ICT is the foundation of economy and a driving force of social changes in the 21st century. Distance is no longer an issue when it comes to accessing information; for example, work-from-home, distance learning, e-banking, and e-governance are now possible from any place with an internet connection and a computing device. Lets first perceive two important concepts -Data and Information
Data and Information:
It is being said that the terms "data"
and "information" are interchangeable
and mean the same thing. However, they
are not same and there is a difference
between the two words. Data can be any
character, text, word, number or raw facts.
However, Information is data formatted
in a manner that allows it to be utilized by
human beings in some significant way.
Example of Data : |
In the above example, the data appears to be a set of random words and numbers. However, when that data is interpreted, organized and formatted, one can tell that it is contact information of a person named as XYZ.
1.computer :
The word Computer is
derived from a Latin word “computare”
which means to “to calculate”, “to count”,
“to sum up” or “to think together”. An
electronic device which accepts input
from the user, processes it according to
the instructions given to it and gives the
required result in the form of output, is a
computer.
Computer System :
A computer can process data, images, audio, video and graphics. A computer performs five major computer operations or functions irrespective of their size and make. These are -
1) It accepts data or instructions by way of input.
2) It stores data.
3) It can process data as required by the user.
4) It gives results in the form of output.
5) It controls all operations inside a computer.
2.Architecture of Computer :
Computer Architecture is a specification detailing of how a set of software and hardware technology standards interact to form a computer system. In short, com- puter architecture refers to how a comput- er system is designed and how it works.
